The Bible underscores the sacredness and importance of marriage, portraying it as a holy covenant between a man and a woman. In Genesis, it is written, "Therefore a man shall leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, and they shall become one flesh" (Genesis 2:24, NKJV). This verse emphasizes the unity and intimacy intended in marriage.
This is one of the many times Scripture outlines what marriage should look like. Discover what the bible says about marriage, God's Design for it, key passages about marriage, and answers to frequently asked questions.
What Does the Bible Say About Marriage?: Table of Contents
Summary of What the Bible Says About Marriage
What is the biblical definition of marriage?
While we could look to many passages throughout Scripture to answer this question, we will go to the Book of Genesis to see this simple understanding: God gave us marriage to enjoy and display the gospel.
In the very beginning, God formed the first man, Adam, out of the dust and set him over the Garden of Eden. But soon enough, God declared that “it is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him a helper fit for him” (Genesis 2:18, ESV). Adam needed Eve and the nature of humanity required women.
So, to meet his need, God caused Adam to fall asleep so he could perform the first surgery ever recorded by taking a rib from Adam’s side and creating a woman out of it (“woman” meaning “out of the man”). God did not make Eve from Adam’s head to be above him or from his feet to be below him; he made her from Adam’s rib to be beside him and with him.
Then God sets in motion a meaningful event that would eventually become known as “marriage” when he declares: “Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and they shall become one flesh” (Genesis 2:24, ESV).
It must have been a beautiful wedding. God was the matchmaker, the florist, the officiant, and the Best Man. It was the best honeymoon you could imagine: They lived in a garden together (naked), fed each other fruit, and had no distractions. They were each other’s first kiss, hug, handholding, and everything else! They were literally made for each other. They were open, trusting, intimate, unhindered, and totally unashamed.
Adam and Eve did not create their marriage, it was God who drew the blueprint in becoming one flesh within marriage. This matters because if God gave it and designed it, then he gets to define it.
Frequently Asked Questions about Marriage
Why Does the Bible Say Marriage Should Only Be Between Men and Women?
Marriage was defined by God, in the very beginning, as one man, one wife, joined together, unity, indivisibility, and that union that takes place. And actually, just the whole complementarity that we are two parts of an integrated whole is really even just marked on our bodies as male and female, really. The pieces fit. It's like God created us that way. And it's not like God, it's not unimportant, it's very critical, and it's very foundational to who we are. And it's very foundational to the message that God wanted to get across. He started history with a man and a woman in a marriage because he wanted to communicate important cosmic, spiritual truths about who He is, and also about Christ's relationship to the church. And He imprinted that on our bodies and our relationship as male and female and marriage, right at the very beginning of time.
It's like He wanted to tell a story, and so He stamped the story on man and woman and on marriage. And this story will stand throughout history until we see its consummation, until we see the reality to which the story points, and that is Christ's union with the church for eternity.
And so this isn't just some arbitrary cultural sort of custom that we're talking about when we're talking about marriage. We are talking about who God created us to be, about truths about the Godhead, truths about how Christ interacts with the church, truths about male and female, all sorts of things that are obscured when we think of marriage as some sort of social construct or cultural construct. It's not.
Now certainly, various cultures have approached marriage in different ways. I know that there was one culture that the man would marry the woman, if he gave her a sweet potato, then they were married. Well, that was the cultural way, the legal way, that they were married. And cultures attach different legal meanings to it throughout various cultures.
But in terms of the actual meaning of marriage, we cannot change that. God created marriage to display some very important truths. And in Romans Chapter One, Verse 19, we're told actually, and that's in the context of sexuality when God is addressing different sexual things, and changing the order of things, then maybe people who think, "Yeah, we can do girl-on-girl or guy-on-guy or whatever." And it is in that when we are told that creation, actually from the very beginning, creation was meant to display the power of God, and truths about the character of God, and the triune God, and the invisible nature of God. So who we are as male and female, marriage in the very beginning, was created to display these cosmic truths. And that's why we need to honor marriage and honor who God created us to be as male and female.
Why Does the Bible Call Us to 'Be Fruitful' in Marriage?
God proclaims children as a blessing (Genesis 1:28), meaning that we should view them as something valuable to desire. In this passage, God blesses Adam and Eve and commands them to "be fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth, and subdue it." This command is often interpreted as a directive to procreate and populate the earth. This call is seen as part of God's purpose for humanity, which includes filling the earth with people who reflect His image (Genesis 1:26-27). However, the Bible does not specify a particular number of children a couple should aim for or seek to have.
Couples who are unable to have children, whether due to infertility, age, or illness, understandably mourn the absence of this blessing. We mourn this loss with you, and offer information regarding alternative approaches such as IVF, surrogacy, fostering, adoption, or mentorship.
Is Sex Outside of Marriage an Unforgivable Sin?
Absolutely not! Following a catalogue of sins, including many of a sexual nature, Paul states, "And such were some of you. But you were washed, you were sanctified, you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God" (1 Corinthians 6:11). We all struggle with sexual sin, but the blood of Christ is sufficient to cleanse us completely, regardless of our past sexual transgressions. While sexual sin, like all sin, leaves its mark, it is entirely forgiven through Christ.
God’s Ultimate Design for Marriage
Even though sin would later enter in and distort their relationship (Genesis 3) just as it does ours today, God designed marriage in such a way that offers a couple enjoyment through having a deep friendship, being sexually intimate, sharing life-long experiences, and having a family.
Think about it: God made men’s and women’s bodies in such unique ways that even the act of sex brings pleasure. Those are all gifts from our Good Father who designed marriage for us to enjoy.
But marriage is also an allegory that displays the gospel in a significant way. Because of God’s grace, marriage is a “secondary ordinance” that serves as a visual aid and a tangible reminder of the gospel by comparing God’s relationship with us to a husband’s relationship to his wife. The Apostle Paul plainly explains how marriage is more about Christ than us:
“Therefore a man shall leave his father and mother and hold fast to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh.” This mystery is profound, and I am saying that it refers to Christ and the church. (Ephesians 5:31-32).
Think about it: Two far-from-perfect people are covenanting their life together based on no matter what they have done in the past, no matter what happens in the future, in sickness and health, and for better or worse until they die. What a beautiful picture of Jesus Christ (the groom) and his never-ending love for the Church (the bride).
The fact that marriage is a picture of the gospel is so important, and it is why any other version of or abuse of marriage (homosexuality, pre-marital sex, pornography, divorce, domestic abuse, adultery, etc.) is so destructive — because it distorts the image that marriage was designed to present.
But the closer a marriage looks like God’s design (with limitless love, mutual submission, forgiveness, kindness, selflessness, etc.), the more it presents the gospel to the world.
Key Bible Verses
Genesis 2:24 - "Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and they shall become one flesh."
Proverbs 18:22 - "He who finds a wife finds a good thing and obtains favor from the Lord."
Colossians 3:18-19 - "Wives, submit to your husbands, as is fitting in the Lord. Husbands, love your wives, and do not be harsh with them."
Hebrews 13:4 - "Let marriage be held in honor among all, and let the marriage bed be undefiled, for God will judge the sexually immoral and adulterous."
1 Peter 3:7 - "Likewise, husbands, live with your wives in an understanding way, showing honor to the woman as the weaker vessel, since they are heirs with you of the grace of life, so that your prayers may not be hindered."
Mark 10:9 - "Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate."
Matthew 19:5-6 - "‘Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh’? So they are no longer two but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let not man separate."
1 John 4:18 - "There is no fear in love, but perfect love casts out fear. For fear has to do with punishment, and whoever fears has not been perfected in love."
Personal Reflection
There are many ways to reflect on and offer your marriage to the Lord. Discover an additional 40 Marriage Prayers and Prompts here.
Gratitude for God's Plan: Begin by reflecting on the blessings in your marriage and thanking God for His plan for you and your spouse. Consider the ways in which God has brought you together, sustained you, and blessed your relationship.
Seeking God's Guidance: Meditate on the areas of your marriage where you seek God's guidance and wisdom. This could include areas of growth, challenges you are facing, or decisions you need to make. Surrender these concerns to God and ask for His guidance and clarity.
Commitment to God's Plan: Affirm your commitment to God's plan for your marriage. Pray for the strength to love, honor, and cherish your spouse, and ask God to help you both grow closer to Him and to each other through your marriage.
When God, who created us and knows us, created marriage, he created it for our enjoyment and to display the gospel. It is one of the countless ways that God expresses his grace and love to us.
And because of that, a couple that is focused on God will naturally have a more blessed marriage because they are bound together by the strong “three strands” that Solomon talks about in Ecclesiastes 4:12: The husband, the wife, and God.
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