22:1And Jesus
answered and spake again in parables unto them1, saying,
IN REPLY TO THE QUESTIONS AS TO HIS AUTHORITY, JESUS GIVES THE THIRD GREAT
GROUP OF PARABLES. (In the Court of the Temple. Tuesday, April 4, A.D. 30.) D.
PARABLE OF THE MARRIAGE OF THE KING'S SON. Matthew
22:1-14 And Jesus answered and spake again in parables unto them. This
parable is very much like the one given in Luke
14:16-24.
NOTE.--I regard this parable as a remodeling of the parable given by
Luke, the changes being made to suit the changed relation between Jesus and
his auditors. In the parable in Luke, God is represented as one who invites
us as a friend, and whose invitation is simply disregarded. Since the
speaking of that parable, the situation had become more tense and the
relations more strained, and hence the parable takes on a more severe form.
The host is not to be disregarded, for he is a king, and the supper is not
to be despised, for it is a marriage supper. The invitation, therefore,
savors of commandment, and while some still continue to treat it with
indifference, others feel the constraint of the invitation and reject it in
a spirit of rebellion which manifests itself in violence toward the king's
servants. The king, in turn, is moved by this to retaliate, and visits upon
the offenders an overwhelming judgment.--Philip Y. Pendleton
22:11 But when the king came in to behold
the guests, he saw there a man1
who had not on a wedding-garment:
He saw there a man. This one man is a type of many. See
22:12 and he saith unto him, Friend, how
camest thou in hither not having a wedding-garment1? And
he was speechless.
How camest thou in hither not having a wedding-garment? We are of
the opinion that the king furnished upper garments to his guests. But the
antiquity of this custom is disputed. See Meyer, Lange and Trench, etc. in
loco. However, the fact is immaterial, for the man was speechless--without
excuse--which shows that he could have had a garment from some source had he
chosen to wear it.
22:13 Then the king said to the servants, Bind
him hand and foot1, and cast him out into the outer
darkness; there shall be the weeping and the gnashing of teeth.
Bind him hand and foot. The phrase suggests the impossibility of
escaping from divine judgment.
And cast him out into outer darkness. The outdoor darkness; wedding
feasts were usually held at night.
22:14For many
are called, but few chosen1.
For many are called, but few chosen. Many guests are invited, but
few are accepted; because some neglect and despise the invitation, and
others cast dishonor upon the one who invites, by the self-willed and
irreverent way in which they accept his invitation. In this parable the
first parties invited represent the Jews; the city of murderers is
Jerusalem; the persons called from the highways are the Gentiles; the
entrance of the king is the coming of the Lord to final judgment; and the
man without the wedding-garment is anyone who will be found in the church
without a suitable character. The character of Christ is our
wedding-garment, and all the regenerated must wear it (John
3:5Ephesians
4:24; Galatians
3:27; Colossians
3:10; Revelation
19:8,9).
22:15Then went
the Pharisees, and took counsel how they might ensnare him in [his] talk1.
JEWISH RULERS SEEK TO ENSNARE JESUS. (Court of the Temple. Tuesday, April 4,
A.D. 30.) A. PHARISEES AND HERODIANS ASK ABOUT TRIBUTE. Matthew
22:15-22; Mark
12:13-17; Luke
20:20-26 Then went the Pharisees, and took counsel how they might ensnare him in
[his] talk. See Mark
12:13.
22:16 And they send to him their
disciples, with the Herodians1,
saying, Teacher, we know that thou art true, and teachest the way of God in
truth, and carest not for any one: for thou regardest not the person of men.
The Herodians. See Mark
12:13.
Master, we know that thou art true, etc. See Mark
12:14.
22:17 Tell us therefore, What thinkest
thou? Is it lawful to give tribute unto Caesar, or not1?
Is it lawful to give tribute unto Caesar, or not? See Mark
12:14.
22:18 But Jesus perceived their
wickedness, and said, Why make ye trial of me, ye
hypocrites1?
Why make ye trial of me, ye hypocrites? See Mark
12:15.
22:19Show me the
tribute money1. And they brought unto him a denarius.
Show me the tribute money, etc. See Mark
12:15.
22:20 And he saith unto them, Whose
is this image and superscription1?
Whose is this image and superscription? See Mark
12:16.
22:21 They say unto him, Caesar's. Then
saith he unto them, Render therefore unto Caesar1
the things that are Caesar's; and unto God the things that are God's.
Render therefore unto Caesar, etc. See Mark
12:17.
22:22 And when they heard it, they
marvelled1, and left him, and went away.
They marvelled. See Mark
12:17.
22:23 On that day there came to him Sadducees1,
they that say that there is no resurrection: and they asked him,
JEWISH RULERS SEEK TO ENSNARE JESUS. (Court of the Temple. Tuesday, April 4,
A.D. 30.) B. SADDUCEES ASK ABOUT THE RESURRECTION. Matthew
22:23-33; Mark
12:18-27; Luke
20:27-39 Sadducees. See Mark
12:18.
22:24 saying, Teacher, Moses said, If
a man die, having no children1, his brother shall marry
his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
If a man die, having no children, etc. See Mark
12:19.
22:28In the
resurrection therefore whose wife shall she be of the seven1?
for they all had her.
In the resurrection therefore whose wife shall she be of the seven?
See Mark
12:23.
22:29 But Jesus answered and said unto
them, Ye do err1, not knowing the
scriptures, nor the power of God.
Ye do err, etc. See Mark
12:24.
22:30 For in the resurrection they
neither marry, nor are given in marriage1, but are as
angels in heaven.
They neither marry, nor are given in marriage. See Mark
12:25.
22:31But as
touching the resurrection of the dead1, have ye not read
that which was spoken unto you by God, saying,
But as touching the resurrection of the dead, etc. See Mark
12:26.
22:32I am the
God of Abraham1, and the God of Isaac, and the God of
Jacob? God is not [the God] of the dead, but of the
living2.
I am the God of Abraham, etc. See Mark
12:26.
God is not [the God] of the dead, but of the living. See Mark
12:27.
22:34 But the Pharisees, when they heard
that he had put the Sadducees to silence, gathered themselves together.
JEWISH RULERS SEEK TO ENSNARE JESUS. (Court of the Temple. Tuesday, April 4,
A.D. 30.) C. A LAWYER ASKS ABOUT THE GREAT COMMANDMENT. Matthew
22:34-40; Mark
12:28-34; Luke
20:40
22:35And one of
them, a lawyer, asked him a question, trying him1:
And one of them, a lawyer, asked him a question, trying him. See Mark
12:28.
22:36Teacher,
which is the great commandment in the law1?
Teacher, which is the great commandment in the law? See Mark
12:28.
22:37 And he said unto him, Thou
shalt love the Lord thy God1 with all thy heart, and with
all thy soul, and with all thy mind.
Thou shalt love the Lord thy God, etc. See Mark
12:30.
22:38This is the
great and first commandment1.
This is the great and first commandment. See Mark
12:29.
22:39 And a second like [unto it] is this,
Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself.
Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. See Mark
12:31.
22:40On these
two commandments the whole law hangeth, and the prophets1.
On these two commandments the whole law hangeth, and the prophets.
See Mark
12:31.
22:41 Now while the Pharisees were
gathered together, Jesus asked them a question,
JEWISH RULERS SEEK TO ENSNARE JESUS. (Court of the Temple. Tuesday, April 4,
A.D. 30.) D. JESUS' QUESTION WHICH NONE COULD ANSWER. Matthew
22:41-46; Mark
12:35-37; Luke
20:41-44
22:42 saying, What think ye of the Christ?
whose son is he? They say unto him, [The son] of David2.
What think ye of the Christ? whose son is he? See Mark
12:35.
They say unto him, [The Son] of David. The answer was true, but it
was not "all" the truth as the Scriptures themselves showed. And
this additional truth was what the opposers of Jesus needed to learn.
22:43 He saith unto them, How
then doth David in the Spirit call him Lord1, saying,
How then doth David in the Spirit call him Lord? See Mark
12:36.
22:44The Lord
said unto my Lord1, Sit thou on my right hand, Till I put
thine enemies underneath thy feet?
The Lord said unto my Lord, etc. See Mark
12:36.
Matthew 22 Bible Commentary
McGarvey and Pendleton
And Jesus answered and spake again in parables unto them. This parable is very much like the one given in Luke 14:16-24.
NOTE.--I regard this parable as a remodeling of the parable given by Luke, the changes being made to suit the changed relation between Jesus and his auditors. In the parable in Luke, God is represented as one who invites us as a friend, and whose invitation is simply disregarded. Since the speaking of that parable, the situation had become more tense and the relations more strained, and hence the parable takes on a more severe form. The host is not to be disregarded, for he is a king, and the supper is not to be despised, for it is a marriage supper. The invitation, therefore, savors of commandment, and while some still continue to treat it with indifference, others feel the constraint of the invitation and reject it in a spirit of rebellion which manifests itself in violence toward the king's servants. The king, in turn, is moved by this to retaliate, and visits upon the offenders an overwhelming judgment.--Philip Y. Pendleton
22:11 But when the king came in to behold the guests, he saw there a man1 who had not on a wedding-garment:
He saw there a man. This one man is a type of many. See
22:12 and he saith unto him, Friend, how camest thou in hither not having a wedding-garment1? And he was speechless.
How camest thou in hither not having a wedding-garment? We are of the opinion that the king furnished upper garments to his guests. But the antiquity of this custom is disputed. See Meyer, Lange and Trench, etc. in loco. However, the fact is immaterial, for the man was speechless--without excuse--which shows that he could have had a garment from some source had he chosen to wear it.
22:13 Then the king said to the servants, Bind him hand and foot1, and cast him out into the outer darkness; there shall be the weeping and the gnashing of teeth.
Bind him hand and foot. The phrase suggests the impossibility of escaping from divine judgment.
And cast him out into outer darkness. The outdoor darkness; wedding feasts were usually held at night.
22:14 For many are called, but few chosen1.
For many are called, but few chosen. Many guests are invited, but few are accepted; because some neglect and despise the invitation, and others cast dishonor upon the one who invites, by the self-willed and irreverent way in which they accept his invitation. In this parable the first parties invited represent the Jews; the city of murderers is Jerusalem; the persons called from the highways are the Gentiles; the entrance of the king is the coming of the Lord to final judgment; and the man without the wedding-garment is anyone who will be found in the church without a suitable character. The character of Christ is our wedding-garment, and all the regenerated must wear it (John 3:5 Ephesians 4:24; Galatians 3:27; Colossians 3:10; Revelation 19:8,9).
22:15 Then went the Pharisees, and took counsel how they might ensnare him in [his] talk1. JEWISH RULERS SEEK TO ENSNARE JESUS. (Court of the Temple. Tuesday, April 4, A.D. 30.) A. PHARISEES AND HERODIANS ASK ABOUT TRIBUTE. Matthew 22:15-22; Mark 12:13-17; Luke 20:20-26
Then went the Pharisees, and took counsel how they might ensnare him in [his] talk. See Mark 12:13.
22:16 And they send to him their disciples, with the Herodians1, saying, Teacher, we know that thou art true, and teachest the way of God in truth, and carest not for any one: for thou regardest not the person of men.
The Herodians. See Mark 12:13.
Master, we know that thou art true, etc. See Mark 12:14.
22:17 Tell us therefore, What thinkest thou? Is it lawful to give tribute unto Caesar, or not1?
Is it lawful to give tribute unto Caesar, or not? See Mark 12:14.
22:18 But Jesus perceived their wickedness, and said, Why make ye trial of me, ye hypocrites1?
Why make ye trial of me, ye hypocrites? See Mark 12:15.
22:19 Show me the tribute money1. And they brought unto him a denarius.
Show me the tribute money, etc. See Mark 12:15.
22:20 And he saith unto them, Whose is this image and superscription1?
Whose is this image and superscription? See Mark 12:16.
22:21 They say unto him, Caesar's. Then saith he unto them, Render therefore unto Caesar1 the things that are Caesar's; and unto God the things that are God's.
Render therefore unto Caesar, etc. See Mark 12:17.
22:22 And when they heard it, they marvelled1, and left him, and went away.
They marvelled. See Mark 12:17.
22:23 On that day there came to him Sadducees1, they that say that there is no resurrection: and they asked him, JEWISH RULERS SEEK TO ENSNARE JESUS. (Court of the Temple. Tuesday, April 4, A.D. 30.) B. SADDUCEES ASK ABOUT THE RESURRECTION. Matthew 22:23-33; Mark 12:18-27; Luke 20:27-39
Sadducees. See Mark 12:18.
22:24 saying, Teacher, Moses said, If a man die, having no children1, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
If a man die, having no children, etc. See Mark 12:19.
22:28 In the resurrection therefore whose wife shall she be of the seven1? for they all had her.
In the resurrection therefore whose wife shall she be of the seven? See Mark 12:23.
22:29 But Jesus answered and said unto them, Ye do err1, not knowing the scriptures, nor the power of God.
Ye do err, etc. See Mark 12:24.
22:30 For in the resurrection they neither marry, nor are given in marriage1, but are as angels in heaven.
They neither marry, nor are given in marriage. See Mark 12:25.
22:31 But as touching the resurrection of the dead1, have ye not read that which was spoken unto you by God, saying,
But as touching the resurrection of the dead, etc. See Mark 12:26.
22:32 I am the God of Abraham1, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob? God is not [the God] of the dead, but of the living2.
I am the God of Abraham, etc. See Mark 12:26.
God is not [the God] of the dead, but of the living. See Mark 12:27.
22:34 But the Pharisees, when they heard that he had put the Sadducees to silence, gathered themselves together. JEWISH RULERS SEEK TO ENSNARE JESUS. (Court of the Temple. Tuesday, April 4, A.D. 30.) C. A LAWYER ASKS ABOUT THE GREAT COMMANDMENT. Matthew 22:34-40; Mark 12:28-34; Luke 20:40
22:35 And one of them, a lawyer, asked him a question, trying him1:
And one of them, a lawyer, asked him a question, trying him. See Mark 12:28.
22:36 Teacher, which is the great commandment in the law1?
Teacher, which is the great commandment in the law? See Mark 12:28.
22:37 And he said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God1 with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind.
Thou shalt love the Lord thy God, etc. See Mark 12:30.
22:38 This is the great and first commandment1.
This is the great and first commandment. See Mark 12:29.
22:39 And a second like [unto it] is this, Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself.
Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. See Mark 12:31.
22:40 On these two commandments the whole law hangeth, and the prophets1.
On these two commandments the whole law hangeth, and the prophets. See Mark 12:31.
22:41 Now while the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them a question, JEWISH RULERS SEEK TO ENSNARE JESUS. (Court of the Temple. Tuesday, April 4, A.D. 30.) D. JESUS' QUESTION WHICH NONE COULD ANSWER. Matthew 22:41-46; Mark 12:35-37; Luke 20:41-44
22:42 saying, What think ye of the Christ? whose son is he? They say unto him, [The son] of David2.
What think ye of the Christ? whose son is he? See Mark 12:35.
They say unto him, [The Son] of David. The answer was true, but it was not "all" the truth as the Scriptures themselves showed. And this additional truth was what the opposers of Jesus needed to learn.
22:43 He saith unto them, How then doth David in the Spirit call him Lord1, saying,
How then doth David in the Spirit call him Lord? See Mark 12:36.
22:44 The Lord said unto my Lord1, Sit thou on my right hand, Till I put thine enemies underneath thy feet?
The Lord said unto my Lord, etc. See Mark 12:36.