The Making of the Priests' Garments

391 And of the blue and purple and scarlet they made garments of service, for service in the sanctuary, and made the holy garments for Aaron; as Jehovah had commanded Moses. 2 And he made the ephod of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and twined byssus. 3 And they beat the gold into thin plates, and cut it [into] wires, to work it artistically into the blue, and into the purple, and into the scarlet, and into the byssus. 4 They made shoulder-pieces for it, joining it: at its two ends was it joined together. 5 And the girdle of his ephod, which was on it, was of the same, according to its work, of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and twined byssus; as Jehovah had commanded Moses. 6 And they wrought the onyx stones mounted in enclosures of gold, engraved with the engravings of a seal, according to the names of the sons of Israel. 7 And he put them on the shoulder-pieces of the ephod, [as] stones of memorial for the children of Israel; as Jehovah had commanded Moses. 8 And he made the breastplate of artistic work, like the work of the ephod, of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and twined byssus. 9 It was square; double did they make the breastplate, a span the length thereof, and a span the breadth thereof, doubled. 10 And they set in it four rows of stones: [one] row, a sardoin, a topaz, and an emerald—the first row; 11 and the second row, a carbuncle, a sapphire, and a diamond; 12 and the third row, an opal, an agate, and an amethyst; 13 and the fourth row, a chrysolite, an onyx, and a jasper; mounted in enclosures of gold in their settings. 14 And the stones were according to the names of the children of Israel, twelve, according to their names, engraved as a seal, every one according to his name, for the twelve tribes. 15 And they made on the breastplate chains of laced work of wreathen work, of pure gold. 16 And they made two settings of gold, and two gold rings, and put the two rings on the two ends of the breastplate. 17 And they put the two wreathen [cords] of gold in the two rings on the ends of the breastplate; 18 and the two ends of the two wreathen [cords] they fastened to the two settings, and put them on the shoulder-pieces of the ephod, on the front thereof. 19 And they made two rings of gold, and put [them] on the two ends of the breastplate, on the border thereof, which faceth the ephod inwards. 20 And they made two rings of gold, and put them upon the two shoulder-pieces of the ephod underneath, to the front thereof, just by the coupling thereof, above the girdle of the ephod. 21 And they bound the breastplate with its rings to the rings of the ephod with lace of blue, that it might be above the girdle of the ephod, and that the breastplate might not be loosed from the ephod; as Jehovah had commanded Moses. 22 And he made the cloak of the ephod of woven work, all of blue; 23 and the opening of the cloak in its middle, as the opening of a coat of mail; a binding was round about the opening, that it should not rend. 24 And they made on the skirts of the cloak pomegranates of blue and purple and scarlet, twined. 25 And they made bells of pure gold, and put the bells between the pomegranates, in the skirts of the cloak, round about, between the pomegranates: 26 a bell and a pomegranate, a bell and a pomegranate, in the skirts of the cloak round about, for service; as Jehovah had commanded Moses. 27 And they made the vests of byssus of woven work, for Aaron, and for his sons; 28 and the turban of byssus; and the ornamental caps, of byssus; and the linen trousers, of twined byssus; 29 and the girdle, of twined byssus, and blue, and purple, and scarlet, of embroidery; as Jehovah had commanded Moses. 30 And they made the thin plate, the holy diadem, of pure gold, and wrote on it with the writing of the engravings of a seal, Holiness to Jehovah! 31 And they fastened to it a lace of blue, to fasten [it] on the turban above; as Jehovah had commanded Moses.

The Tabernacle Articles Completed

32 And all the labour of the tabernacle of the tent of meeting was ended; and the children of Israel had done [it] according to all that Jehovah had commanded Moses—so had they done [it]. 33 And they brought the tabernacle to Moses—the tent, and all its utensils, its clasps, its boards, its bars, and its pillars, and its bases; 34 and the covering of rams' skins dyed red, and the covering of badgers' skins, and the veil of separation; 35 the ark of the testimony, and its staves, and the mercy-seat; 36 the table, all its utensils, and the shewbread; 37 the pure candlestick, its lamps, the lamps set in order, and all its utensils, and the oil for the light; 38 and the golden altar, and the anointing oil, and the incense of fragrant drugs; and the curtain for the entrance of the tent; 39 the copper altar, and the copper grating that was for it, its staves and all its utensils; the laver and its stand; 40 the hangings of the court, its pillars, and its bases; and the curtain for the gate of the court, its cords, and its pegs; and all the vessel's of service of the tabernacle, for the tent of meeting; 41 the garments of service, for service in the sanctuary; the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and his sons' garments, to serve as priests. 42 According to all that Jehovah had commanded Moses, so had the children of Israel done all the labour. 43 And Moses saw all the work, and behold, they had done it as Jehovah had commanded—so had they done [it]; and Moses blessed them.

The Setting Up of the Tabernacle

401 And Jehovah spoke to Moses, saying, 2 On the day of the first month, on the first of the month, shalt thou set up the tabernacle of the tent of meeting. 3 And thou shalt put in it the ark of the testimony, and shalt cover the ark with the veil. 4 And thou shalt bring in the table, and set in order the things that are to be set in order upon it. And thou shalt bring in the candlestick and light its lamps. 5 And thou shalt set the golden altar for the incense before the ark of the testimony; and hang up the curtain of the entrance to the tabernacle. 6 And thou shalt set the altar of burnt-offering before the entrance of the tabernacle of the tent of meeting. 7 And thou shalt set the laver between the tent of meeting and the altar, and shalt put water in it. 8 And thou shalt fix the court round about, and hang up the curtain at the gate of the court. 9 And thou shalt take the anointing oil, and anoint the tabernacle, and all that is in it, and shalt hallow it, and all its utensils; and it shall be holy. 10 And thou shalt anoint the altar of burnt-offering, and all its utensils; and thou shalt hallow the altar, and the altar shall be most holy. 11 And thou shalt anoint the laver and its stand, and hallow it. 12 And thou shalt bring Aaron and his sons near, at the entrance of the tent of meeting, and bathe them with water. 13 And thou shalt clothe Aaron with the holy garments, and anoint him, and hallow him, that he may serve me as priest. 14 And thou shalt bring his sons near, and clothe them with vests. 15 And thou shalt anoint them, as thou didst anoint their father, that they may serve me as priests. And their anointing shall be to them an everlasting priesthood throughout their generations.

16 And Moses did so: as Jehovah had commanded him, so did he. 17 And it came to pass in the first month in the second year, on the first of the month, that the tabernacle was set up. 18 And Moses set up the tabernacle, and put in its bases, and fixed its boards, and put in its bars, and set up its pillars. 19 And he spread the tent over the tabernacle, and put the covering of the tent above over it; as Jehovah had commanded Moses. 20 And he took and put the testimony into the ark, and put the staves in the ark, and put the mercy-seat above on the ark. 21 And he brought the ark into the tabernacle, and hung up the veil of separation, and covered the ark of the testimony; as Jehovah had commanded Moses. 22 And he put the table in the tent of meeting, on the side of the tabernacle northward, outside the veil, 23 and arranged the bread in order upon it before Jehovah; as Jehovah had commanded Moses. 24 And he put the candlestick in the tent of meeting, opposite to the table, on the side of the tabernacle southward. 25 And he lighted the lamps before Jehovah; as Jehovah had commanded Moses. 26 And he put the golden altar in the tent of meeting before the veil. 27 And he burnt on it fragrant incense; as Jehovah had commanded Moses. 28 And he hung up the curtain of the entrance to the tabernacle. 29 And he put the altar of burnt-offering at the entrance to the tabernacle of the tent of meeting, and offered on it the burnt-offering and the oblation; as Jehovah had commanded Moses. 30 And he set the laver between the tent of meeting and the altar, and put water in it for washing. 31 And Moses and Aaron and his sons washed their hands and their feet out of it: 32 when they went into the tent of meeting, and when they drew near to the altar, they washed; as Jehovah had commanded Moses. 33 And he set up the court round about the tabernacle and the altar, and hung up the curtain of the gate of the court. And so Moses finished the work.

The Cloud over the Tabernacle

34 And the cloud covered the tent of meeting, and the glory of Jehovah filled the tabernacle. 35 And Moses could not enter into the tent of meeting, for the cloud abode on it, and the glory of Jehovah filled the tabernacle. 36 And when the cloud was taken up from over the tabernacle, the children of Israel journeyed in all their journeys. 37 And if the cloud were not taken up, then they did not journey until the day that it was taken up. 38 For the cloud of Jehovah was on the tabernacle by day, and fire was in it by night, before the eyes of all the house of Israel, throughout all their journeys.

23 Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites, for ye pay tithes of mint and anise and cummin, and ye have left aside the weightier matters of the law, judgment and mercy and faith: these ye ought to have done and not have left those aside. 24 Blind guides, who strain out the gnat, but drink down the camel. 25 Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites, for ye make clean the outside of the cup and of the dish, but within they are full of rapine and intemperance. 26 Blind Pharisee, make clean first the inside of the cup and of the dish, that their outside also may become clean. 27 Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites, for ye are like whited sepulchres, which appear beautiful outwardly, but within are full of dead men's bones and all uncleanness. 28 Thus also ye, outwardly ye appear righteous to men, but within are full of hypocrisy and lawlessness. 29 Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites, for ye build the sepulchres of the prophets and adorn the tombs of the just, 30 and ye say, If we had been in the days of our fathers we would not have been partakers with them in the blood of the prophets. 31 So that ye bear witness of yourselves that ye are sons of those who slew the prophets: 32 and ye, fill ye up the measure of your fathers. 33 Serpents, offspring of vipers, how should ye escape the judgment of hell?

34 Therefore, behold, I send unto you prophets, and wise men, and scribes; and [some] of them ye will kill and crucify, and [some] of them ye will scourge in your synagogues, and will persecute from city to city; 35 so that all righteous blood shed upon the earth should come upon you, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zacharias son of Barachias, whom ye slew between the temple and the altar. 36 Verily I say unto you, All these things shall come upon this generation.

Jesus Laments over Jerusalem

37 Jerusalem, Jerusalem, [the city] that kills the prophets and stones those that are sent unto her, how often would I have gathered thy children as a hen gathers her chickens under her wings, and ye would not! 38 Behold, your house is left unto you desolate; 39 for I say unto you, Ye shall in no wise see me henceforth until ye say, Blessed [be] he that comes in the name of [the] Lord.

Matthew Henry's Commentary on Matthew 23:23-39

Commentary on Matthew 23:13-33

(Read Matthew 23:13-33)

The scribes and Pharisees were enemies to the gospel of Christ, and therefore to the salvation of the souls of men. It is bad to keep away from Christ ourselves, but worse also to keep others from him. Yet it is no new thing for the show and form of godliness to be made a cloak to the greatest enormities. But dissembled piety will be reckoned double iniquity. They were very busy to turn souls to be of their party. Not for the glory of God and the good of souls, but that they might have the credit and advantage of making converts. Gain being their godliness, by a thousand devices they made religion give way to their worldly interests. They were very strict and precise in smaller matters of the law, but careless and loose in weightier matters. It is not the scrupling a little sin that Christ here reproves; if it be a sin, though but a gnat, it must be strained out; but the doing that, and then swallowing a camel, or, committing a greater sin. While they would seem to be godly, they were neither sober nor righteous. We are really, what we are inwardly. Outward motives may keep the outside clean, while the inside is filthy; but if the heart and spirit be made new, there will be newness of life; here we must begin with ourselves. The righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees was like the ornaments of a grave, or dressing up a dead body, only for show. The deceitfulness of sinners' hearts appears in that they go down the streams of the sins of their own day, while they fancy that they should have opposed the sins of former days. We sometimes think, if we had lived when Christ was upon earth, that we should not have despised and rejected him, as men then did; yet Christ in his Spirit, in his word, in his ministers, is still no better treated. And it is just with God to give those up to their hearts' lusts, who obstinately persist in gratifying them. Christ gives men their true characters.

Commentary on Matthew 23:34-39

(Read Matthew 23:34-39)

Our Lord declares the miseries the inhabitants of Jerusalem were about to bring upon themselves, but he does not notice the sufferings he was to undergo. A hen gathering her chickens under her wings, is an apt emblem of the Saviour's tender love to those who trust in him, and his faithful care of them. He calls sinners to take refuge under his tender protection, keeps them safe, and nourishes them to eternal life. The present dispersion and unbelief of the Jews, and their future conversion to Christ, were here foretold. Jerusalem and her children had a large share of guilt, and their punishment has been signal. But ere long, deserved vengeance will fall on every church which is Christian in name only. In the mean time the Saviour stands ready to receive all who come to him. There is nothing between sinners and eternal happiness, but their proud and unbelieving unwillingness.