Laws concerning Restitution

221 'When a man doth steal an ox or sheep, and hath slaughtered it or sold it, five of the herd he doth repay for the ox, and four of the flock for the sheep. 2 'If in the breaking through, the thief is found, and he hath been smitten, and hath died, there is no blood for him; 3 if the sun hath risen upon him, blood 'is' for him, he doth certainly repay; if he have nothing, then he hath been sold for his theft; 4 if the theft is certainly found in his hand alive, whether ox, or ass, or sheep—double he repayeth. 5 'When a man depastureth a field or vineyard, and hath sent out his beast, and it hath pastured in the field of another, 'of' the best of his field, and the best of his vineyard, he doth repay. 6 'When fire goeth forth, and hath found thorns, and a stack, or the standing corn, or the field, hath been consumed, he who causeth the burning doth certainly repay.

7 'When a man doth give unto his neighbour silver, or vessels to keep, and it hath been stolen out of the man's house; if the thief is found, he repayeth double. 8 'If the thief is not found, then the master of the house hath been brought near unto God, whether he hath not put forth his hand against the work of his neighbour; 9 for every matter of transgression, for ox, for ass, for sheep, for raiment, for any lost thing of which it is said that it is his; unto God cometh the matter of them both; he whom God doth condemn, he repayeth double to his neighbour. 10 'When a man doth give unto his neighbour an ass, or ox, or sheep, or any beast to keep, and it hath died, or hath been hurt, or taken captive, none seeing— 11 an oath of Jehovah is between them both, that he hath not put forth his hand against the work of his neighbour, and its owner hath accepted, and he doth not repay; 12 but if it is certainly stolen from him, he doth repay to its owner; 13 if it is certainly torn, he bringeth it in—a witness; the torn thing he doth not repay. 14 'And when a man doth ask 'anything' from his neighbour, and it hath been hurt or hath died—its owner not being with it—he doth certainly repay; 15 if its owner 'is' with it, he doth not repay,—if it 'is' a hired thing, it hath come for its hire.

Matthew Henry's Commentary on Exodus 22:1-15

Chapter Contents

Judicial laws.

The people of God should ever be ready to show mildness and mercy, according to the spirit of these laws. We must answer to God, not only for what we do maliciously, but for what we do heedlessly. Therefore, when we have done harm to our neighbour, we should make restitution, though not compelled by law. Let these scriptures lead our souls to remember, that if the grace of God has indeed appeared to us, then it has taught us, and enabled us so to conduct ourselves by its holy power, that denying ungodliness and wordly lusts, we should live soberly, righteously, and godly in this present world, Titus 2:12. And the grace of God teaches us, that as the Lord is our portion, there is enough in him to satisfy all the desires of our souls.