David's Kindness to Mephibosheth

91 Then David said , "Is there yet anyone left of the house of Saul , that I may show him kindness for Jonathan's sake ?" 2 Now there was a servant of the house of Saul whose name was Ziba , and they called him to David ; and the king said to him, "Are you Ziba ?" And he said , "I am your servant ." 3 The king said , "Is there not yet anyone of the house of Saul to whom I may show the kindness of God ?" And Ziba said to the king , " There is still a son of Jonathan who is crippled in both feet ." 4 So the king said to him, "Where is he?" And Ziba said to the king , "Behold , he is in the house of Machir the son of Ammiel in Lo-debar ." 5 Then King David sent and brought him from the house of Machir the son of Ammiel , from Lo-debar . 6 Mephibosheth , the son of Jonathan the son of Saul , came to David and fell on his face and prostrated himself. And David said , "Mephibosheth ." And he said , "Here is your servant !" 7 David said to him, "Do not fear , for I will surely show kindness to you for the sake of your father Jonathan , and will restore to you all the land of your grandfather Saul ; and you shall eat at my table regularly ." 8 Again he prostrated himself and said , "What is your servant , that you should regard a dead dog like me?"

9 Then the king called Saul's servant Ziba and said to him, " All that belonged to Saul and to all his house I have given to your master's grandson . 10 "You and your sons and your servants shall cultivate the land for him, and you shall bring in the produce so that your master's grandson may have food ; nevertheless Mephibosheth your master's grandson shall eat at my table regularly ." Now Ziba had fifteen e sons and twenty servants . 11 Then Ziba said to the king , "According to all that my lord the king commands his servant so your servant will do ." So Mephibosheth ate at David's table as one of the king's sons . 12 Mephibosheth had a young son whose name was Mica . And all who lived in the house of Ziba were servants to Mephibosheth . 13 So Mephibosheth lived in Jerusalem , for he ate at the king's table regularly . Now he was lame in both feet .

The Defeat of the Ammonites and Syrians

101 Now it happened afterwards e that the king of the Ammonites e died , and Hanun his son became king in his place . 2 Then David said , "I will show kindness to Hanun the son of Nahash , just as his father showed kindness to me." So David sent some of his servants to console him concerning his father . But when David's servants came to the land of the Ammonites e , 3 the princes of the Ammonites e said to Hanun their lord , "Do you think that David is honoring your father because he has sent consolers to you? Has David not sent his servants to you in order to search the city , to spy it out and overthrow it?" 4 So Hanun took David's servants and shaved off half of their beards , and cut off their garments in the middle as far as their hips , and sent them away . 5 When they told it to David , he sent to meet them, for the men were greatly humiliated . And the king said , "Stay at Jericho until your beards grow , and then return ."

6 Now when the sons of Ammon saw that they had become odious to David , the sons of Ammon sent and hired the Arameans of Beth-rehob and the Arameans of Zobah , 20,000 e foot soldiers , and the king of Maacah with 1,000 men , and the men of Tob with 12,000 e e men . 7 When David heard of it, he sent Joab and all the army , the mighty men . 8 The sons of Ammon came out and drew up in battle array at the entrance of the city , while the Arameans of Zobah and of Rehob and the men of Tob and Maacah were by themselves in the field . 9 Now when Joab saw that the battle e was set against him in front and in the rear , he selected from all the choice men of Israel , and arrayed them against the Arameans . 10 But the remainder of the people he placed in the hand of Abishai his brother , and he arrayed them against the sons of Ammon . 11 He said , "If the Arameans are too strong for me, then you shall help me, but if the sons of Ammon are too strong for you, then I will come to help you. 12 " Be strong , and let us show ourselves courageous for the sake of our people and for the cities of our God ; and may the Lord do what is good in His sight ." 13 So Joab and the people who were with him drew near to the battle against the Arameans , and they fled before e him. 14 When the sons of Ammon saw that the Arameans fled , they also fled before e Abishai and entered the city . Then Joab returned from fighting against the sons of Ammon and came to Jerusalem .

15 When the Arameans saw that they had been defeated by Israel , they gathered themselves together . 16 And Hadadezer sent and brought out the Arameans who were beyond e the River , and they came to Helam ; and Shobach the commander of the army of Hadadezer led them. 17 Now when it was told David , he gathered all Israel together and crossed the Jordan , and came to Helam . And the Arameans arrayed themselves to meet David and fought against him. 18 But the Arameans fled before e Israel , and David killed e charioteers of the Arameans and 40,000 e horsemen and struck down Shobach the commander of their army , and he died there . 19 When all the kings , servants of Hadadezer , saw that they were defeated by Israel , they made peace with Israel and served them. So the Arameans feared to help the sons of Ammon anymore .

David and Bath-sheba

111 Then it happened in the spring , at the time when kings go out to battle, that David sent Joab and his servants with him and all Israel , and they destroyed the sons of Ammon and besieged e Rabbah . But David stayed at Jerusalem . 2 Now when evening came David arose from his bed and walked around on the roof of the king's house , and from the roof he saw a woman bathing ; and the woman was very beautiful in appearance . 3 So David sent and inquired about the woman . And one said , "Is this not Bathsheba , the daughter of Eliam , the wife of Uriah the Hittite ?" 4 David sent messengers and took her, and when she came to him, he lay with her; and when she had purified herself from her uncleanness , she returned to her house . 5 The woman conceived ; and she sent and told David , and said , " I am pregnant ."

6 Then David sent to Joab , saying, "Send me Uriah the Hittite ." So Joab sent Uriah to David . 7 When Uriah came to him, David asked concerning the welfare of Joab and the people and the state of the war . 8 Then David said to Uriah , "Go down to your house , and wash your feet ." And Uriah went out of the king's house , and a present from the king was sent out after him. 9 But Uriah slept at the door of the king's house with all the servants of his lord , and did not go down to his house . 10 Now when they told David , saying , "Uriah did not go down to his house ," David said to Uriah , "Have you not come from a journey ? Why did you not go down to your house ?" 11 Uriah said to David , " The ark and Israel and Judah are staying in temporary shelters , and my lord Joab and the servants of my lord are camping in the open field . Shall I then go to my house to eat and to drink and to lie with my wife ? By your life and the life of your soul , I will not do this thing ." 12 Then David said to Uriah , " Stay here today also , and tomorrow I will let you go ." So Uriah remained in Jerusalem that day and the next . 13 Now David called him, and he ate and drank before him, and he made him drunk ; and in the evening he went out to lie on his bed with his lord's servants , but he did not go down to his house .

14 Now in the morning David wrote a letter to Joab and sent it by the hand of Uriah . 15 He had written in the letter , saying , "Place Uriah in the front line of the fiercest battle and withdraw from him, so that he may be struck down and die ." 16 So it was as Joab kept watch on the city , that he put Uriah at the place where e he knew there were valiant men . 17 The men of the city went out and fought against Joab , and some of the people among David's servants fell ; and Uriah the Hittite also died . 18 Then Joab sent and reported to David all the events of the war . 19 He charged the messenger , saying , "When you have finished telling all the events of the war to the king , 20 and if it happens that the king's wrath rises and he says to you, 'Why did you go so near to the city to fight ? Did you not know that they would shoot from the wall ? 21 'Who struck down Abimelech the son of Jerubbesheth ? Did not a woman throw an upper millstone on him from the wall so that he died at Thebez ? Why did you go so near the wall ?'-then you shall say , 'Your servant Uriah the Hittite is dead also .' " 22 So the messenger departed and came and reported to David all that Joab had sent him to tell. 23 The messenger said to David , "The men prevailed against us and came out against us in the field , but we pressed e them as far as the entrance of the gate . 24 "Moreover, the archers shot at your servants from the wall ; so some of the king's servants are dead , and your servant Uriah the Hittite is also dead ." 25 Then David said to the messenger , "Thus you shall say to Joab , 'Do not let this thing displease e you, for the sword devours one as well as another ; make your battle against the city stronger and overthrow it'; and so encourage him." 26 Now when the wife of Uriah heard that Uriah her husband was dead , she mourned for her husband . 27 When the time of mourning was over , David sent and brought her to his house and she became his wife ; then she bore him a son . But the thing that David had done was evil in the sight of the Lord .

The Parable of the Lost Son

11 And He said , "A man had two sons . 12 "The younger of them said to his father , 'Father , give me the share of the estate that falls to me.' So he divided his wealth between them. 13 "And not many days later , the younger son gathered everything together and went on a journey into a distant country , and there he squandered his estate with loose living . 14 "Now when he had spent everything , a severe famine occurred in that country , and he began to be impoverished . 15 "So he went and hired himself out to one of the citizens of that country , and he sent him into his fields to feed swine . 16 "And he would have gladly filled his stomach with the pods that the swine were eating , and no one was giving anything to him. 17 "But when he came to his senses , he said , 'How many of my father's hired men have more than enough bread , but I am dying here with hunger ! 18 'I will get up and go to my father , and will say to him, "Father , I have sinned against heaven , and in your sight ; 19 I am no longer worthy to be called your son ; make me as one of your hired men ."' 20 "So he got up and came to his father . But while he was still a long way off , his father saw him and felt compassion for him, and ran and embraced e e him and kissed him. 21 "And the son said to him, 'Father , I have sinned against heaven and in your sight ; I am no longer worthy to be called your son .' 22 "But the father said to his slaves , 'Quickly bring out the best robe and put it on him, and put a ring on his hand and sandals on his feet ; 23 and bring the fattened calf , kill it, and let us eat and celebrate ; 24 for this son of mine was dead and has come to life again ; he was lost and has been found .' And they began to celebrate . 25 "Now his older son was in the field , and when he came and approached the house , he heard music and dancing . 26 "And he summoned one of the servants and began inquiring what e these things could be. 27 "And he said to him, 'Your brother has come , and your father has killed the fattened calf because he has received him back safe and sound .' 28 "But he became angry and was not willing to go in; and his father came out and began pleading with him. 29 "But he answered and said to his father , 'Look ! For so many years I have been serving you and I have never neglected a command of yours ; and yet you have never given me a young goat , so that I might celebrate with my friends ; 30 but when this son of yours came , who has devoured your wealth with prostitutes , you killed the fattened calf for him.' 31 "And he said to him, 'Son , you have always been with me, and all that is mine is yours . 32 'But we had to celebrate and rejoice , for this brother of yours was dead and has begun to live , and was lost and has been found .' "

Matthew Henry's Commentary on Luke 15:11-32

Commentary on Luke 15:11-16

(Read Luke 15:11-16)

The parable of the prodigal son shows the nature of repentance, and the Lord's readiness to welcome and bless all who return to him. It fully sets forth the riches of gospel grace; and it has been, and will be, while the world stands, of unspeakable use to poor sinners, to direct and to encourage them in repenting and returning to God. It is bad, and the beginning of worse, when men look upon God's gifts as debts due to them. The great folly of sinners, and that which ruins them, is, being content in their life-time to receive their good things. Our first parents ruined themselves and all their race, by a foolish ambition to be independent, and this is at the bottom of sinners' persisting in their sin. We may all discern some features of our own characters in that of the prodigal son. A sinful state is of departure and distance from God. A sinful state is a spending state: wilful sinners misemploy their thoughts and the powers of their souls, mispend their time and all their opportunities. A sinful state is a wanting state. Sinners want necessaries for their souls; they have neither food nor raiment for them, nor any provision for hereafter. A sinful state is a vile, slavish state. The business of the devil's servants is to make provision for the flesh, to fulfil the lusts thereof, and that is no better than feeding swine. A sinful state is a state constant discontent. The wealth of the world and the pleasures of the senses will not even satisfy our bodies; but what are they to precious souls! A sinful state is a state which cannot look for relief from any creature. In vain do we cry to the world and to the flesh; they have that which will poison a soul, but have nothing to give which will feed and nourish it. A sinful state is a state of death. A sinner is dead in trespasses and sins, destitute of spiritual life. A sinful state is a lost state. Souls that are separated from God, if his mercy prevent not, will soon be lost for ever. The prodigal's wretched state, only faintly shadows forth the awful ruin of man by sin. Yet how few are sensible of their own state and character!

Commentary on Luke 15:17-24

(Read Luke 15:17-24)

Having viewed the prodigal in his abject state of misery, we are next to consider his recovery from it. This begins by his coming to himself. That is a turning point in the sinner's conversion. The Lord opens his eyes, and convinces him of sin; then he views himself and every object, in a different light from what he did before. Thus the convinced sinner perceives that the meanest servant of God is happier than he is. To look unto God as a Father, and our Father, will be of great use in our repentance and return to him. The prodigal arose, nor stopped till he reached his home. Thus the repenting sinner resolutely quits the bondage of Satan and his lusts, and returns to God by prayer, notwithstanding fears and discouragements. The Lord meets him with unexpected tokens of his forgiving love. Again; the reception of the humbled sinner is like that of the prodigal. He is clothed in the robe of the Redeemer's righteousness, made partaker of the Spirit of adoption, prepared by peace of conscience and gospel grace to walk in the ways of holiness, and feasted with Divine consolations. Principles of grace and holiness are wrought in him, to do, as well as to will.

Commentary on Luke 15:25-32

(Read Luke 15:25-32)

In the latter part of this parable we have the character of the Pharisees, though not of them alone. It sets forth the kindness of the Lord, and the proud manner in which his gracious kindness is often received. The Jews, in general, showed the same spirit towards the converted Gentiles; and numbers in every age object to the gospel and its preachers, on the same ground. What must that temper be, which stirs up a man to despise and abhor those for whom the Saviour shed his precious blood, who are objects of the Father's choice, and temples of the Holy Ghost! This springs from pride, self-preference, and ignorance of a man's own heart. The mercy and grace of our God in Christ, shine almost as bright in his tender and gentle bearing with peevish saints, as his receiving prodigal sinners upon their repentance. It is the unspeakable happiness of all the children of God, who keep close to their Father's house, that they are, and shall be ever with him. Happy will it be for those who thankfully accept Christ's invitation.