The Defeat of the Ammonites and Syrians

191 And it cometh to pass after this, that Nahash king of the sons of Ammon dieth, and his son reigneth in his stead, 2 and David saith, 'I do kindness with Hanun son of Nahash, for his father did with me kindness;' and David sendeth messengers to comfort him concerning his father. And the servants of David come in unto the land of the sons of Ammon, unto Hanun, to comfort him, 3 and the heads of the sons of Ammon say to Hanun, 'Is David honouring thy father, in thine eyes, because he hath sent to thee comforters? in order to search, and to overthrow, and to spy out, the land, have not his servants come in unto thee?' 4 And Hanun taketh the servants of David, and shaveth them, and cutteth their long robes in the midst, unto the buttocks, and sendeth them away. 5 And 'some' go, and declare to David concerning the men, and he sendeth to meet them—for the men have been greatly ashamed—and the king saith, 'Dwell in Jericho till that your beard is grown, then ye have returned.'

6 And the sons of Ammon see that they have made themselves abhorred by David, and Hanun and the sons of Ammon send a thousand talents of silver, to hire to them, from Aram-Naharaim, and from Aram-Maachah, and from Zobah, chariots and horsemen; 7 and they hire to them two and thirty thousand chariots, and the king of Maachah and his people, and they come in and encamp before Medeba, and the sons of Ammon have been gathered out of their cities, and come in to the battle. 8 And David heareth, and sendeth Joab, and all the host of the mighty men, 9 and the sons of Ammon come out and set battle in array at the opening of the city, and the kings who have come 'are' by themselves in the field. 10 And Joab seeth that the front of the battle hath been unto him, before and behind, and he chooseth out of all the choice in Israel, and setteth in array to meet Aram, 11 and the remnant of the people he hath given into the hand of Abishai his brother, and they set in array to meet the sons of Ammon. 12 And he saith, 'If Aram be stronger than I, then thou hast been to me for salvation; and if the sons of Ammon be stronger than thou, then I have saved thee; 13 be strong, and we strengthen ourselves, for our people, and for the cities of our God, and Jehovah doth that which is good in His eyes.' 14 And Joab draweth nigh, and the people who 'are' with him, before Aram to battle, and they flee from his face; 15 and the sons of Ammon have seen that Aram hath fled, and they flee—they also—from the face of Abishai his brother, and go in to the city. And Joab cometh in to Jerusalem. 16 And Aram seeth that they have been smitten before Israel, and send messengers, and bring out Aram that 'is' beyond the River, and Shophach head of the host of Hadarezer 'is' before them. 17 And it is declared to David, and he gathereth all Israel, and passeth over the Jordan, and cometh in unto them, and setteth in array against them; yea, David setteth in array the battle to meet Aram, and they fight with him; 18 and Aram fleeth from the face of Israel, and David slayeth of Aram seven thousand charioteers, and forty thousand footmen, and Shophach head of the host he hath put to death. 19 And the servants of Hadarezer see that they have been smitten before Israel, and they make peace with David and serve him, and Aram hath not been willing to help the sons of Ammon any more.

David Captures Rabbah

201 And it cometh to pass, at the time of the turn of the year—at the time of the going out of the messengers—that Joab leadeth out the force of the host, and destroyeth the land of the sons of Ammon, and cometh in and beseigeth Rabbah—David is abiding in Jerusalem—and Joab smiteth Rabbah, and breaketh it down. 2 And David taketh the crown of their king from off his head, and findeth it 'in' weight a talent of gold, and in it a precious stone, and it is on the head of David: and spoil of the city he hath brought out very much, 3 and the people who 'are' in it he hath brought out, and setteth to the saw, and to cutting instruments of iron, and to axes; and thus doth David to all cities of the sons of Ammon, and David turneth back, and all the people, to Jerusalem.

The Giants Slain by David's Men

4 And it cometh to pass, after this, that there remaineth war in Gezer with the Philistines, then hath Sibbechai the Hushathite smitten Sippai, of the children of the giant, and they are humbled. 5 And there is again war with the Philistines, and Elhanan son of Jair smiteth Lahmi, brother of Goliath the Gittite, the wood of whose spear 'is' like a beam of weavers. 6 And there is again war in Gath, and there is a man of measure, and his fingers and his toes 'are' six and six, twenty and four, and also, he hath been born to the giant. 7 And he reproacheth Israel, and smite him doth Jonathan son of Shimea, brother of David. 8 These were born to the giant in Gath, and they fall by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants.

David Numbers Israel and Judah

211 And there standeth up an adversary against Israel, and persuadeth David to number Israel, 2 And David saith unto Joab, and unto the heads of the people, 'Go, number Israel from Beer-Sheba even unto Dan, and bring unto me, and I know their number.' 3 And Joab saith, 'Jehovah doth add to His people as they are a hundred times; are they not, my lord, O king, all of them to my lord for servants? why doth my lord seek this? why is he for a cause of guilt to Israel?' 4 And the word of the king 'is' severe against Joab, and Joab goeth out, and goeth up and down in all Israel, and cometh in to Jerusalem. 5 And Joab giveth the account of the numbering of the people unto David, and all Israel is a thousand thousand and a hundred thousand, each drawing sword, and Judah 'is' four hundred and seventy thousand, each drawing sword. 6 And Levi and Benjamin he hath not numbered in their midst, for the word of the king was abominable with Joab.

7 And it is evil in the eyes of God concerning this thing, and He smiteth Israel, 8 and David saith unto God, 'I have sinned exceedingly, in that I have done this thing; and now, cause to pass away, I pray Thee, the iniquity of Thy servant, for I have acted very foolishly.' 9 And Jehovah speaketh unto Gad, seer of David, saying: 10 'Go, and thou hast spoken unto David, saying, Thus said Jehovah, Three—I am stretching out unto thee; choose for thee one of these, and I do 'it' to thee.' 11 And Gad cometh in unto David, and saith to him, 'Thus said Jehovah, Take for thee— 12 either for three years—famine, or three months to be consumed from the face of thine adversaries, even the sword of thine enemies to overtake, or three days the sword of Jehovah, even pestilence in the land, and a messenger of Jehovah destroying in all the border of Israel; and now, see; what word do I return to Him who is sending me?' 13 And David saith unto Gad, 'I am greatly distressed, let me fall, I pray thee, into the hand of Jehovah, for very many 'are' His mercies, and into the hand of man let me not fall.' 14 And Jehovah giveth a pestilence in Israel, and there fall of Israel seventy thousand men, 15 and God sendeth a messenger to Jerusalem to destroy it, and as he is destroying Jehovah hath seen, and is comforted concerning the evil, and saith to the messenger who 'is' destroying, 'Enough, now, cease thy hand.' And the messenger of Jehovah is standing by the threshing-floor of Ornan the Jebusite, 16 and David lifteth up his eyes, and seeth the messenger of Jehovah standing between the earth and the heavens, and his sword drawn in his hand, stretched out over Jerusalem, and David falleth, and the elders, covered with sackcloth, on their faces. 17 And David saith unto God, 'Did not I—I say to number the people? Yea, I it 'is' who have sinned, and done great evil: and these, the flock, what did they? O Jehovah, my God, let, I pray Thee, Thy hand be on me, and on the house of my father, and not on Thy people—to be plagued.'

18 And the messenger of Jehovah spake unto Gad, saying for David, 'Surely David doth go up to raise an altar to Jehovah in the threshing-floor of Ornan the Jebusite.' 19 And David goeth up by the word of Gad, that he spake in the name of Jehovah. 20 And Ornan turneth back, and seeth the messenger, and his four sons 'are' with him, hiding themselves, and Ornan is threshing wheat. 21 And David cometh in unto Ornan, and Ornan looketh attentively, and seeth David, and goeth out from the threshing-floor, and boweth himself to David—face to the earth. 22 And David saith unto Ornan, 'Give to me the place of the threshing-floor, and I build in it an altar to Jehovah; for full silver give it to me, and the plague is restrained from the people.' 23 And Ornan saith unto David, 'Take to thee—and my lord the king doth that which is good in his eyes: see, I have given the oxen for burnt-offerings, and the threshing instruments for wood, and the wheat for a present; the whole I have given.' 24 And king David saith to Ornan, 'Nay, for I surely buy for full silver; for I do not lift up that which is thine to Jehovah, so as to offer a burnt-offering without cost.' 25 And David giveth to Ornan for the place shekels of gold 'in' weight six hundred; 26 and David buildeth there an altar to Jehovah, and offereth burnt-offerings and peace-offerings, and calleth unto Jehovah, and He answereth him with fire from the heavens on the altar of the burnt-offering. 27 And Jehovah saith to the messenger, and he turneth back his sword unto its sheath.

The Site for the Temple

28 At that time when David seeth that Jehovah hath answered him in the threshing-floor of Ornan the Jebusite, then he sacrificeth there; 29 and the tabernacle of Jehovah that Moses made in the wilderness, and the altar of the burnt-offering, 'are' at that time in a high place, in Gibeon; 30 and David is not able to go before it to seek God, for he hath been afraid because of the sword of the messenger of Jehovah.

81 And at dawn he came again to the temple, 2 and all the people were coming unto him, and having sat down, he was teaching them; 3 and the scribes and the Pharisees bring unto him a woman having been taken in adultery, and having set her in the midst, 4 they say to him, 'Teacher, this woman was taken in the very crime—committing adultery, 5 and in the law, Moses did command us that such be stoned; thou, therefore, what dost thou say?' 6 and this they said, trying him, that they might have to accuse him. And Jesus, having stooped down, with the finger he was writing on the ground, 7 and when they continued asking him, having bent himself back, he said unto them, 'The sinless of you—let him first cast the stone at her;' 8 and again having stooped down, he was writing on the ground, 9 and they having heard, and by the conscience being convicted, were going forth one by one, having begun from the elders—unto the last; and Jesus was left alone, and the woman standing in the midst. 10 And Jesus having bent himself back, and having seen no one but the woman, said to her, 'Woman, where are those—thine accusers? did no one pass sentence upon thee?' 11 and she said, 'No one, Sir;' and Jesus said to her, 'Neither do I pass sentence on thee; be going on, and no more sin.'

Jesus the Light of the World

12 Again, therefore, Jesus spake to them, saying, 'I am the light of the world; he who is following me shall not walk in the darkness, but he shall have the light of the life.' 13 The Pharisees, therefore, said to him, 'Thou of thyself dost testify, thy testimony is not true;' 14 Jesus answered and said to them, 'And if I testify of myself—my testimony is true, because I have known whence I came, and whither I go, and ye—ye have not known whence I come, or whither I go. 15 'Ye according to the flesh do judge; I do not judge any one, 16 and even if I do judge my judgment is true, because I am not alone, but I and the Father who sent me; 17 and also in your law it hath been written, that the testimony of two men are true; 18 I am 'one' who is testifying of myself, and the Father who sent me doth testify of me.' 19 They said, therefore, to him, 'Where is thy father?' Jesus answered, 'Ye have neither known me nor my Father: if me ye had known, my Father also ye had known.' 20 These sayings spake Jesus in the treasury, teaching in the temple, and no one seized him, because his hour had not yet come;

Whither I Go Ye Cannot Come

21 therefore said Jesus again to them, 'I go away, and ye will seek me, and in your sin ye shall die; whither I go away, ye are not able to come.' 22 The Jews, therefore, said, 'Will he kill himself, because he saith, Whither I go away, ye are not able to come?' 23 and he said to them, 'Ye are from beneath, I am from above; ye are of this world, I am not of this world; 24 I said, therefore, to you, that ye shall die in your sins, for if ye may not believe that I am 'he', ye shall die in your sins.' 25 They said, therefore, to him, 'Thou—who art thou?' and Jesus said to them, 'Even what I did speak of to you at the beginning; 26 many things I have to speak concerning you and to judge, but He who sent me is true, and I—what things I heard from Him—these I say to the world.' 27 They knew not that of the Father he spake to them;

Matthew Henry's Commentary on John 8:1-27

Commentary on John 8:1-11

(Read John 8:1-11)

Christ neither found fault with the law, nor excused the prisoner's guilt; nor did he countenance the pretended zeal of the Pharisees. Those are self-condemned who judge others, and yet do the same thing. All who are any way called to blame the faults of others, are especially concerned to look to themselves, and keep themselves pure. In this matter Christ attended to the great work about which he came into the world, that was, to bring sinners to repentance; not to destroy, but to save. He aimed to bring, not only the accused to repentance, by showing her his mercy, but the prosecutors also, by showing them their sins; they thought to insnare him, he sought to convince and convert them. He declined to meddle with the magistrate's office. Many crimes merit far more severe punishment than they meet with; but we should not leave our own work, to take that upon ourselves to which we are not called. When Christ sent her away, it was with this caution, Go, and sin no more. Those who help to save the life of a criminal, should help to save the soul with the same caution. Those are truly happy, whom Christ does not condemn. Christ's favour to us in the forgiveness of past sins should prevail with us, Go then, and sin no more.

Commentary on John 8:12-16

(Read John 8:12-16)

Christ is the Light of the world. God is light, and Christ is the image of the invisible God. One sun enlightens the whole world; so does one Christ, and there needs no more. What a dark dungeon would the world be without the sun! So would it be without Jesus, by whom light came into the world. Those who follow Christ shall not walk in darkness. They shall not be left without the truths which are necessary to keep them from destroying error, and the directions in the way of duty, necessary to keep them from condemning sin.

Commentary on John 8:17-20

(Read John 8:17-20)

If we knew Christ better, we should know the Father better. Those become vain in their imaginations concerning God, who will not learn of Christ. Those who know not his glory and grace, know not the Father that sent him. The time of our departure out of the world, depends upon God. Our enemies cannot hasten it any sooner, nor can our friends delay it any longer, than the time appointed of the Father. Every true believer can look up and say with pleasure, My times are in thy hand, and better there than in my own. To all God's purposes there is a time.

Commentary on John 8:21-29

(Read John 8:21-29)

Those that live in unbelief, are for ever undone, if they die in unbelief. The Jews belonged to this present evil world, but Jesus was of a heavenly and Divine nature, so that his doctrine, kingdom, and blessings, would not suit their taste. But the curse of the law is done away to all that submit to the grace of the gospel. Nothing but the doctrine of Christ's grace will be an argument powerful enough, and none but the Spirit of Christ's grace will be an agent powerful enough, to turn us from sin to God; and that Spirit is given, and that doctrine is given, to work upon those only who believe in Christ. Some say, Who is this Jesus? They allow him to have been a Prophet, an excellent Teacher, and even more than a creature; but cannot acknowledge him as over all, God blessed for evermore. Will not this suffice? Jesus here answers the question. Is this to honour him as the Father? Does this admit his being the Light of the world, and the Life of men, one with the Father? All shall know by their conversion, or in their condemnation, that he always spake and did what pleased the Father, even when he claimed the highest honours to himself.