The Land Yet to Be Possessed

131 When Joshua had reached a venerable age, God said to him, "You've had a good, long life, but there is a lot of land still to be taken. 2 This is the land that remains: all the districts of the Philistines and Geshurites; 3 the land from the Shihor River east of Egypt to the border of Ekron up north, Canaanite country (there were five Philistine tyrants - in Gaza, in Ashdod, in Ashkelon, in Gath, in Ekron); also the Avvim 4 from the south; all the Canaanite land from Arah (belonging to the Sidonians) to Aphek at the Amorite border; 5 the country of the Gebalites; all Lebanon eastward from Baal Gad in the shadow of Mount Hermon to the Entrance of Hamath; 6 all who live in the mountains, from Lebanon to Misrephoth Maim; all the Sidonians.

7 Do it now: Allot this land as an inheritance to the nine tribes and the half-tribe of Manasseh." Land East of the Jordan 8 The other half-tribe of Manasseh, with the Reubenites and Gadites, had been given their inheritance by Moses on the other side of the Jordan eastward. Moses the servant of God gave it to them. 9 This land extended from Aroer at the edge of the Arnon Gorge and the city in the middle of the valley, taking in the entire tableland of Medeba as far as Dibon, 10 and all the towns of Sihon king of the Amorites, who ruled from Heshbon, and out to the border of the Ammonites. 11 It also included Gilead, the country of the people of Geshur and Maacah, all of Mount Hermon, and all Bashan as far as Salecah 12 - the whole kingdom of Og in Bashan, who reigned in Ashtaroth and Edrei. He was one of the last survivors of the Rephaim. Moses had defeated them and taken their land. 13 The People of Israel never did drive out the Geshurites and the Maacathites - they're still there, living in Israel.

The Inheritances Given by Moses

14 Levi was the only tribe that did not receive an inheritance. The Fire-Gift offerings to God, the God of Israel, are their inheritance, just as he told them. 15 To the tribe of Reuben, clan by clan, Moses gave: 16 the land from Aroer at the edge of the Arnon Gorge and the town in the middle of the valley, including the tableland around Medeba; 17 Heshbon on the tableland with all its towns (Dibon, Bamoth Baal, Beth Baal Meon, 18 Jahaz, Kedemoth, Mephaath, 19 Kiriathaim, Sibmah, Zereth Shahar on Valley Mountain, 20 Beth Peor, the slopes of Pisgah, Beth Jeshimoth); 21 and all the cities of the tableland, the whole kingdom of Sihon king of the Amorites, who ruled at Heshbon, whom Moses put to death along with the princes of Midian: Evi, Rekem, Zur, Hur, and Reba, who lived in that country, all puppets of Sihon. 22 (In addition to those killed in battle, Balaam son of Beor, the soothsayer, was put to death by the People of Israel.) 23 The boundary for the Reubenites was the bank of the Jordan River. This was the inheritance of the Reubenites, their villages and cities, according to their clans. 24 To the tribe of Gad, clan by clan, Moses gave: 25 the territory of Jazer and all the towns of Gilead and half the Ammonite country as far as Aroer near Rabbah; 26 the land from Heshbon to Ramath Mizpah and Betonim, and from Mahanaim to the region of Debir; 27 in the valley: Beth Haram, Beth Nimrah, Succoth, and Zaphon, with the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon (the east side of the Jordan, north to the end of the Sea of Kinnereth). 28 This was the inheritance of the Gadites, their cities and villages, clan by clan. 29 To the half-tribe of Manasseh, clan by clan, Moses gave: 30 the land stretching out from Mahanaim; all of Bashan, which is the entire kingdom of Og king of Bashan, and all the settlements of Jair in Bashan - sixty towns in all. 31 Half of Gilead with Ashtaroth and Edrei, the royal cities of Og in Bashan, belong to the descendants of Makir, a son of Manasseh (in other words, the half-tribe of the children of Makir) for their clans. 32 This is the inheritance that Moses gave out when he was on the plains of Moab across the Jordan east of Jericho. 33 But Moses gave no inheritance to the tribe of Levi. God, the God of Israel, is their inheritance, just as he told them.

Canaan Divided by Lot

141 Here are the inheritance allotments that the People of Israel received in the land of Canaan. Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun, and the heads of the family clans made the allotments. 2 Each inheritance was assigned by lot to the nine and a half tribes, just as God had commanded Moses. 3 Moses had given the two and a half tribes their inheritance east of the Jordan, but hadn't given an inheritance to the Levites, as he had to the others. 4 Because the sons of Joseph had become two tribes, Manasseh and Ephraim, they gave no allotment to the Levites; but they did give them cities to live in with pasture rights for their flocks and herds. 5 The People of Israel followed through exactly as God had commanded Moses. They apportioned the land. Caleb

Hebron Given to Caleb

6 The people of Judah came to Joshua at Gilgal. Caleb son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite spoke: "You'll remember what God said to Moses the man of God concerning you and me back at Kadesh Barnea. 7 I was forty years old when Moses the servant of God sent me from Kadesh Barnea to spy out the land. And I brought back an honest and accurate report. 8 My companions who went with me discouraged the people, but I stuck to my guns, totally with God, my God. 9 That was the day that Moses solemnly promised, 'The land on which your feet have walked will be your inheritance, you and your children's, forever. Yes, you have lived totally for God.' 10 Now look at me: God has kept me alive, as he promised. It is now forty-five years since God spoke this word to Moses, years in which Israel wandered in the wilderness. And here I am today, eighty-five years old! 11 I'm as strong as I was the day Moses sent me out. I'm as strong as ever in battle, whether coming or going. 12 So give me this hill country that God promised me. You yourself heard the report, that the Anakim were there with their great fortress cities. If God goes with me, I will drive them out, just as God said." 13 Joshua blessed him. He gave Hebron to Caleb son of Jephunneh as an inheritance. 14 Hebron belongs to Caleb son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite still today, because he gave himself totally to God, the God of Israel. 15 The name of Hebron used to be Kiriath Arba, named after Arba, the greatest man among the Anakim. And the land had rest from war.

The Territory Allotted to Judah

151 The lot for the people of Judah, their clans, extended south to the border of Edom, to the wilderness of Zin in the extreme south. 2 The southern border ran from the tip of the Salt Sea south of The Tongue; 3 it ran southward from Scorpions Pass, went around Zin and just south of Kadesh Barnea; then it ran past Hezron, ascended to Addar, and curved around to Karka; 4 from there it passed along to Azmon, came out at the Brook of Egypt, ending at the Sea. This is the southern boundary. 5 The eastern boundary: the Salt Sea up to the mouth of the Jordan. 6 went up to Beth Hoglah and around to the north of Beth Arabah and to the Stone of Bohan son of Reuben. 7 The border then ascended to Debir from Trouble Valley and turned north toward Gilgal, which lies opposite Red Pass, just south of the gorge. The border then followed the Waters of En Shemesh and ended at En Rogel. 8 The border followed the Valley of Ben Hinnom along the southern slope of the Jebusite ridge (that is, Jerusalem). It ascended to the top of the mountain opposite Hinnom Valley on the west, at the northern end of Rephaim Valley; 9 the border then took a turn at the top of the mountain to the spring, the Waters of Nephtoah, and followed the valley out to Mount Ephron, turned toward Baalah (that is, Kiriath Jearim), 10 took another turn west of Baalah to Mount Seir, curved around to the northern shoulder of Mount Jearim (that is, Kesalon), descended to Beth Shemesh, and crossed to Timnah. 11 The border then went north to the ridge of Ekron, turned toward Shikkeron, passed along to Mount Baalah, and came out at Jabneel. The border ended at the Sea. 12 The western border: the coastline of the Great Sea. This is the boundary around the people of Judah for their clans.

Caleb Conquers Hebron and Debir

13 Joshua gave Caleb son of Jephunneh a section among the people of Judah, according to God's command. He gave him Kiriath Arba, that is, Hebron. Arba was the ancestor of Anak. 14 Caleb drove out three Anakim from Hebron: Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai, all descendants of Anak. 15 He marched up from there against the people of Debir. Debir used to be called Kiriath Sepher. 16 Caleb said, "Whoever attacks Kiriath Sepher and takes it, I'll give my daughter Acsah to him as his wife." 17 Othniel son of Kenaz, Caleb's brother, took it; so Caleb gave him his daughter Acsah as his wife. 18 When she arrived she got him to ask for farm land from her father. As she dismounted from her donkey Caleb asked her, "What would you like?" 19 She said, "Give me a marriage gift. You've given me desert land; Now give me pools of water!" And he gave her the upper and the lower pools.

The Cities of Judah

20 This is the inheritance of the tribe of the people of Judah, clan by clan. 21 The southern towns of the tribe of Judah in the Negev were near the boundary of Edom: Kabzeel, Eder, Jagur, 22 Kinah, Dimonah, Adadah, 23 Kedesh, Hazor, Ithnan, 24 Ziph, Telem, Bealoth, 25 Hazor Hadattah, Kerioth Hezron (that is, Hazor), 26 Amam, Shema, Moladah, 27 Hazar Gaddah, Heshmon, Beth Pelet, 28 Hazar Shual, Beersheba, Biziothiah, 29 Baalah, Iim, Ezem, 30 Eltolad, Kesil, Hormah, 31 Ziklag, Madmannah, Sansannah, 32 Lebaoth, Shilhim, Ain, and Rimmon - a total of twenty-nine towns and their villages. 33 In the Shephelah (the western foothills) there were: Eshtaol, Zorah, Ashnah, 34 Zanoah, En Gannim, Tappuah, Enam, 35 Jarmuth, Adullam, Socoh, Azekah, 36 Shaaraim, Adithaim, and Gederah (or Gederothaim) - fourteen towns and their villages. 37 Zenan, Hadashah, Migdal Gad, 38 Dilean, Mizpah, Joktheel, 39 Lachish, Bozkath, Eglon, 40 Cabbon, Lahmas, Kitlish, 41 Gederoth, Beth Dagon, Naamah, and Makkedah - sixteen towns and their villages. 42 Libnah, Ether, Ashan, 43 Iphtah, Ashnah, Nezib, 44 Keilah, Aczib, and Mareshah - nine towns and their villages. 45 Ekron with its towns and villages; 46 From Ekron, west to the sea, all that bordered Ashdod with its villages; 47 Ashdod with its towns and villages; Gaza with its towns and villages all the way to the Brook of Egypt. The Great Sea is the western border. 48 In the hill country: Shamir, Jattir, Socoh, 49 Dannah, Kiriath Sannah (that is, Debir), 50 Anab, Eshtemoh, Anim, 51 Goshen, Holon, and Giloh - eleven towns and their villages. 52 Arab, Dumah, Eshan, 53 Janim, Beth Tappuah, Aphekah, 54 Humtah, Kiriath Arba (that is, Hebron), and Zior - nine towns and their villages. 55 Maon, Carmel, Ziph, Juttah, 56 Jezreel, Jokdeam, Zanoah, 57 Kain, Gibeah, and Timnah - ten towns and their villages. 58 Halhul, Beth Zur, Gedor, 59 Maarath, Beth Anoth, and Eltekon - six towns and their villages. 60 Kiriath Baal (that is, Kiriath Jearim) and Rabbah - two towns and their villages. 61 In the wilderness: Beth Arabah, Middin, Secacah, 62 Nibshan, the City of Salt, and En Gedi - six towns and their villages. 63 The people of Judah couldn't get rid of the Jebusites who lived in Jerusalem. The Jebusites stayed put, living alongside the people of Judah. They are still living there in Jerusalem.

The Birth of John the Baptist

57 When Elizabeth was full-term in her pregnancy, she bore a son. 58 Her neighbors and relatives, seeing that God had overwhelmed her with mercy, celebrated with her. 59 On the eighth day, they came to circumcise the child and were calling him Zachariah after his father. 60 But his mother intervened: "No. He is to be called John." 61 "But," they said, "no one in your family is named that." 62 They used sign language to ask Zachariah what he wanted him named. 63 Asking for a tablet, Zachariah wrote, "His name is to be John." That took everyone by surprise. 64 Surprise followed surprise - Zachariah's mouth was now open, his tongue loose, and he was talking, praising God! 65 A deep, reverential fear settled over the neighborhood, and in all that Judean hill country people talked about nothing else. 66 Everyone who heard about it took it to heart, wondering, "What will become of this child? Clearly, God has his hand in this."

Zechariah's Prophecy

67 Then Zachariah was filled with the Holy Spirit and prophesied, 68 Blessed be the Lord, the God of Israel; he came and set his people free. 69 He set the power of salvation in the center of our lives, and in the very house of David his servant, 70 Just as he promised long ago through the preaching of his holy prophets: 71 Deliverance from our enemies and every hateful hand; 72 Mercy to our fathers, as he remembers to do what he said he'd do, 73 What he swore to our father Abraham - 74 a clean rescue from the enemy camp, So we can worship him without a care in the world, 75 made holy before him as long as we live. 76 And you, my child, "Prophet of the Highest," will go ahead of the Master to prepare his ways, 77 Present the offer of salvation to his people, the forgiveness of their sins. 78 Through the heartfelt mercies of our God, God's Sunrise will break in upon us, 79 Shining on those in the darkness, those sitting in the shadow of death, Then showing us the way, one foot at a time, down the path of peace. 80 The child grew up, healthy and spirited. He lived out in the desert until the day he made his prophetic debut in Israel.

Matthew Henry's Commentary on Luke 1:57-80

Commentary on Luke 1:57-66

(Read Luke 1:57-66)

In these verses we have an account of the birth of John the Baptist, and the great joy among all the relations of the family. He shall be called Johanan, or "Gracious," because he shall bring in the gospel of Christ, wherein God's grace shines most bright. Zacharias recovered his speech. Unbelief closed his mouth, and believing opened it again: he believers, therefore he speaks. When God opens our lips, our mouths must show forth his praise; and better be without speech, than not use it in praising God. It is said, The hand of the Lord was working with John. God has ways of working on children in their infancy, which we cannot account for. We should observe the dealings of God, and wait the event.

Commentary on Luke 1:67-80

(Read Luke 1:67-80)

Zacharias uttered a prophecy concerning the kingdom and salvation of the Messiah. The gospel brings light with it; in it the day dawns. In John the Baptist it began to break, and increased apace to the perfect day. The gospel is discovering; it shows that about which we were utterly in the dark; it is to give light to those that sit in darkness, the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ. It is reviving; it brings light to those that sit in the shadow of death, as condemned prisoners in the dungeon. It is directing; it is to guide our feet in the way of peace, into that way which will bring us to peace at last, Romans 3:17. John gave proofs of strong faith, vigorous and holy affections, and of being above the fear and love of the world. Thus he ripened for usefulness; but he lived a retired life, till he came forward openly as the forerunner of the Messiah. Let us follow peace with all men, as well as seek peace with God and our own consciences. And if it be the will of God that we live unknown to the world, still let us diligently seek to grow strong in the grace of Jesus Christ.